Genetics as starting point against Drosophila suzukii

18 Dec 2024
429

Fruit flies are insects belonging to the order Diptera and more specifically to the genus Drosophila. Usually, these insects are common in households and usually lay their eggs on rotting fruit and vegetables. Among them, however, Drosophila suzukii shows a slightly different behaviour as it lays its eggs on ripening fruit.

It also affects a wide range of soft-fleshed fruits such as raspberries, strawberries and blackberries, whether they are cultivated or wild. Over the past two decades, this species has spread across much of the globe, although its origins lie in south-east Asia.

It was first documented in the UK in 2012, and it is likely that the main factor responsible for its introduction was global trade. Considering that this species completes its life cycle in a matter of days, it is clear how Drosophila suzukii larvae can quickly spread through orchards, inflicting severe damage on the fruit and consequently decreasing marketable production.

Since the species is able to survive on a variety of plants, there is considerable interest in determining whether preferences in the consumption of wild or cultivated fruit is due to particular genetic characteristics among individuals.

Researchers from the Ecological Sciences Division of the James Hutton Institute (UK) sought to answer this question. The experiment involved collecting infested fruit from both cultivated fields and natural areas to assess genetic differences between Drosophila suzukii individuals feeding on the various fruit cohorts.

The flies that emerged from each fruit were then genotyped using a panel of 8 genetic markers. Using a machine learning approach, the algorithm was trained to identify genotypes associated with individuals feeding on wild or cultivated plants, and then analysed the collected data.

The algorithm should be able to assign each individual to its correct origin group if there are truly sufficient differences in the training set. With the data collected in this study, however, the researchers were unable to identify any evidence of a genetic distinction between these two cohorts of individuals. The explanation is probably attributable to the limited number of loci that were collected and the (also limited) number of flies that were sequenced (only 24 in each category). Consequently, there is a need to collect a much wider range of genetic data and/or data from a larger number of individuals.

This approach could facilitate the effective identification of genetic distinctions between D. suzukii individuals feeding on wild fruits and those feeding on cultivated varieties in the future. A thorough understanding of these characteristics could help create strategies that aim to eliminate subpopulations that have adapted to cultivated varieties, while preserving naturally occurring individuals that feed on wild fruits.

Source: Montano Valeria, Spotted-wing drosophila genetics in relation to protecting cultivars from harm, BioSS
Images: Agroscoce; DuPont

Melissa Venturi
University of Bologna (IT)


Cherry Times - All rights reserved

What to read next

A new cryoprotectant to maintain the quality of frozen sour cherries

Post-harvest​

30 Jul 2024

The study conducted at Aydın Adnan Menderes University (Turkey), sought to analyze the combined effects of three different freezing methods and the use of a type of cryoprotective nanocellulose on the quality characteristics of sour cherries during storage.

New Chilean variety selections thanks to INIA and Biofrutales

Breeding

03 Dec 2024

During the months of October and November consecutive field days were held where producers and exporters had the opportunity to learn about the potential of various cherry selections. The activities provided an opportunity to evaluate early selections and late selections.

In evidenza

Penny Measham appointed as new CEO of Cherry Growers Australia: expert leadership for cherries

Production

09 May 2025

Cherry Growers Australia appoints Penny Measham as new CEO from May 12, 2025. With an international background, she will confidently lead the cherry sector towards new goals, boosting global presence and strongly supporting local Australian growers.

Why Spanish cherries are conquering China: luxury, health and booming market

Markets

09 May 2025

Spanish cherries are conquering China as a symbol of luxury and prosperity. Thanks to e-commerce, emotional marketing, premium quality, rising demand, social media, and packaging, Spain has a unique chance to stand out in China’s highly competitive fresh premium cherry market.

Tag Popolari